4_11 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

4_11 - Assignment Example In acknowledgment of these, players in different parts need to stay up with the rising rivalry to give their purchasers the best understanding in order to stay pertinent; else, they face the threat of being looked out. The human services part is one of the areas where rivalry is normal and accommodating. The recipients of rivalry in medicinal services are the patient whose requirements are met to the best of their desires. This paper analyzes how different associations in the medicinal services segment are adapting to rivalry. It will investigate measures taken by these associations in order to stay progressively serious, and furthermore on how they look to offer the best understanding to their clients. An examination by The Heritage Foundation on Competitive Markets in Healthcare ‘The Next Revolution’ shows that opposition in human services offers patients more prominent quality, more alternatives, and lower costs. The exploration, led in the US, examines a few different ways that the US government has after some time attempted to make its human services increasingly serious. One of the ways its government and state officials thought of was to ingrain rivalry, and cause the business to work like a customary market. The investigation sets up that past measures to make its human services increasingly serious had not yielded the normal aftereffects of monetary profit. It takes the case of 2012, when the Director of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Douglas Elmendorf, turned down the proposition of an opposition based Medicare Premium Support Proposal. His clarification to the House Budget Committee (HBC) was that, in light of the proof of past measures to upgrade riv alry, there was no quantitative evidence of its advantages. In any case, this investigation varies with Elmendorf’s statement by clarifying different occurrences where rivalry in medicinal services has demonstrated productive. One of the fields where the exploration saw rivalry as gainful is the usage of care. The examination portrays an ideal case of the

Conditioning: Psychology

Learning is a significant aptitude that all living beings must secure so as to endure or fall prey to Darwinism’s principle thought of natural selection. Learning is the durable impact of an adjustment in conduct. This would choke the use of getting the hang of molding to a couple of uses. The three most conspicuous applications are old style molding, operant molding, and learning by perception. Each kind of learning is unique, however utilizes comparative thoughts, for example, an unconditioned boost, which is normally food, and an unconditioned reaction, which food is related with salivation and yearning. There are a few different ways that an individual can condition a creature to learn abilities through three unique utilizations of learning: old style, operant, and perception. The possibility of old style condition is one of the most prominent learning methods since it includes an improvement compensated for a specific reaction. Normally, creatures and human have unconditioned boost that triggers an unconditioned reaction. The most well-known association is the relationship among's food and salivation. Food normally attracts living being to it request to fulfill a drive made by appetite to procure homeostasis. A reaction is made as a result of the organism’s response to food, which is generally salivation. Traditional molding is viewed as a viable method to prepare a life form to learn propensities not normally connected with certain unconditioned upgrade. This makes an adapted boost. The once unconditioned reaction is presently molded to react to the adapted upgrade, which is known as an adapted boost. A case of molded improvement and reaction is the case of partner the school ringer with food. Youngsters are ravenous naturally, however when the school ringer is included, the kids are fortified to relate the school chime with noon. Old style molding is compelling while attempting the show a creature an abilities by remunerating the living being with an unconditioned upgrade. An individual could utilize traditional molding to show a living being to learn aptitudes that could help in their own endurance, for example, instructing human to turn away certain food in light of taste. On the off chance that one were being educated to turn away from sharp tastes, the instructors would initially utilize a food that was very acrid. By utilizing the person’s natural intuition of craving, they would give the individual a lemon to eat. This acrid furthest point would make the individual maintain a strategic distance from lemons. The instructor would persistently utilize this strategy until the individual has procured the ability of repugnance of lemons. The student would have a procurement of the ability. The educator would then condition the student in a variable interim to continually fortify the aptitude. The student would then dodge all lemons. This may make the student sum up the idea of lemon, for instance, the student may sum up the yellow shading to represent every harsh item, for example, summing up bananas as being acrid. The instructor would then have the commitment of showing the individual how to separate things, so his abhorrence is simply towards lemons. While traditional molding includes the improvement being compensated to bring about a reaction, operant molding manages changing the event and types of conduct. The fundamental distinctive between operant molding and old style molding is the operant molding manages adjusting the learner’s intentional conduct. Operant molding include outcomes to show wanted aptitudes. There are two different ways that operant molding works, through support and discipline. Fortification comes in two flavors: uplifting feedback and negative support. Uplifting feedback is the educator adds something of delight to the learner’s conduct so as to get a specific expertise. A model would be a mother permitting her youngster to play computer games if the kid put the refuse outside. The mother utilizes the good improvement, which is the computer games, so as to accomplish a conduct, which is taking out the garbage, out of the youngster. There is likewise negative support, in which negative fortification is the instructor evacuating an aversive boost, which is generally observed as disagreeable, so as to expand the recurrence of a specific conduct. For instance, when somebody gets up promptly in the first part of the day, they utilize a morning timer to disclose to them when to wake up. At the point when the morning timer is enacted, it imparts a sign, which is generally an irritating humming clamor, to the student that the time has come to wake up. To strengthen the conduct of awakening, the student must get up from bed to kill the aversive upgrade. Fortifications are results of strengthening positive practices. Disciplines, then again, are results in which the educator attempts to lessen the recurrence of horrible practices. Similarly as with fortifications, there are likewise positive and negative disciplines. Positive discipline alludes to happened conduct followed by aversive incitement, for example, stun. A case of positive discipline would be if a youngster had talked negative to the mother, and the mother would react with a slap on the wrist so as to reduce the recurrence of such conduct. Negative discipline, then again, is the evacuation of a pleasurable boost after the event of an unfortunate conduct. Similarly as with the case of the mother, and the kid taking out the refuse, if the youngsters had not taken out the junk, the mother would rather remove the computer games to decrease the recurrence of not taking out the garbage. The issue with discipline is that it might make the student exhibit terrible conduct because of the discipline through reactions of dread or outrage, as opposed to decrease the event of the aversive conduct. Operant molding is more viable utilizing fortifications than discipline. Be that as it may, utilizing the two aspects effectively is the best way. An individual could encourage another through operant molding in the event that one might want to change a deliberate conduct in another. The instructor would need to utilize fortifications to fortify the ideal conduct from the student. For instance, if the individual needed the student to wash the dishes in the wake of eating, the individual would need to give a motivating force to the student all together for the conduct to proceed, for example, letting a kid play computer games in the wake of finishing his tasks. The consistent incitement by the uplifting feedback would permit the student to connect great conduct with pleasurable exercises. When the student has obtained the conduct, the student may sum up the conduct to incorporate doing every one of his tasks so as to pick up the uplifting feedback. The educator would utilize discipline sparingly to reduce the recurrence of aversive conduct such a removing the computer games. The way that an individual could train a life form to secure an ability is through perceptible learning. Detectable learning is the perceptions made by the student through the activities of the instructor so as to make an aptitude, or change a conduct. Observational learning is the most normally utilized strategy. It permits the student to gain proficiency with an aptitude without remuneration or results. The student learns through watching the educator and afterward impersonating the activities of the instructor. This is a progressively basic strategy to show youngster abilities that are found out and strengthened all through their adulthood, for example, social graces. The individual could show a life form how to do an ability through observational learning. The individual would do a demonstration that is seen by the student, and they would have the student copy the activities. For instance, a mother might want to show her kid social graces. She would exhibit appropriate social graces to the kid. She would then have the kid rehash and emulate her activities. When the youngster has gained that information, the mother would constantly strengthen the conduct. The youngster would learn social graces absent a lot of requirement for discipline or reinforcers. The way that observational learning works, some may ordered observational learning as operant molding since it for the most part includes evolving practices. The individual could utilize these three molding methods related to one another, in blend with them, or independently. In any case, these methods, old style molding, operant molding, and observational leanring, are the viable method to tell a life form the best way to learn abilities.

Business Research Method2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Research Method2 - Essay Example The transformation of instruction industry is obvious at all levels, for example, essential training, auxiliary instruction, advanced education, grown-up training and elective instruction. The change has been with the educational plan, learning modalities, instructing, innovation, and financial matters. Training at preschool levels: Education at the preschool level has seen gigantic changes over the most recent two decades. Preschool or Childcare was at first begun with an aim to serve those working couple who need to leave the youngster in a creche, which can deal with the kid during the day. Bit by bit these creche began changing over themselves into instruction suppliers for the little babies. Creches not just give care to offspring of working moms yet in addition assume an instructive job, with the pre-school training have a key influence in kid's turn of events (Vlok 1996, pg.403). These schools satisfies the essential issues which the guardians might want their youngsters to ac complish including individual, social, and enthusiastic advancement separated from correspondence, information and comprehension of the world Since the commencement of the globalization procedure, the instruction business has changed totally. Presently instructive organizations can spread their wings all around to any piece of the reality where potential exists remembering for growing however potential nations like China, India, and so on. Instructive foundations attempt to enter new markets through passage methodologies like the franchisee framework. As indicated by a report â€Å"the preschool industry in India represents 985million$ and the biggest chain of pre schools in India contains only 550 schools, under 4% of the all out market capability of 15,000 preschools†. (Kumar 2008). Despite the fact that the previously mentioned actuality, it is certain that in a nation like India there is an immense potential to begin preschool organizations. Current pre schools which migh t want to recognize from the rest and avoid relentless rivalry, presently offers other extra curricular exercises to the youngsters who select with them like playing, cooperation, self improvement abilities, logical reasoning, innovative expressions, and so on. Most definitely the opposition is from the sloppy part. Guardians needing to place their wards in the best schools situated at far away places have left numerous a school go empty in the UK. In December 2008, overhauled school confirmation code was figured and was introduced in the parliament. One of the plan is to â€Å"improve the application procedure so guardians can apply for a school spot to the neighborhood expert in which they live, rather than the specialists where their favored schools are located† (nfer.ac.uk) With the obvious improvement in the way of life of the individuals, the interest for a very much organized, marked pre-school will develop a far cry in the years to come. â€Å"The preschools which ha ve a decent reputation and search for new things to instill in their educational plan stay fruitful. Additionally, the instruction and preparing division is ever developing and everybody needs to attempt their hand at it.† (Arora 2010). The other issue tormenting the pre-school part is the lack of educators, which has become an all inclusive test. The worldwide encouraging power in essential instruction has extended since 1971 in any case, has eased back down since the time 2000. In essential training part, instruction suppliers who can give a better than average compensation to the instructors could remain above water in genuine rivalry.

Leadership and Management Model Essay - 2750 Words

Leadership and Management Model (Essay Sample) Content: Leadership and management modelName:Course:Tutor:College:Date:For any company to be successful, it is imperative that they get a management and leadership training model. Developing these skills is imperative for any organization as it is an investment for any organization that seeks to create their breed of leaders (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin and Cardy 2008, p.35). Leaders are known to inspire and give their employees the motivation they deem fit to get the work done. The managers will be critical when it comes to the organization, planning and coordination of projects within the organization. To achieve this, development will utilize the very best of training and support as a means of maximizing its effectiveness (Beardwell 2007, p.10). The management must look at building the future based on the staff they have at the moment. This means they must work on the individuals as the increase in personal effectiveness will enhance their efficacy in the office. This will build th eir confidence which will be essential when dealing with dynamic markets already present (Kotter and Cohen 2002, p.126). Managers will also need to be focused on as they are supposed to be integrated to enhance the efficiency and aligned to the whole process. The process will also be aiming to reach out to the senior leadership as it tries to enhance the confidence in decision-making to allow for the utilization of all the opportunities that take place in the market it will also be a detrimental path towards overcoming challenges that may enhance their capitalization of chances within their portfolios (Barrett 2003, p.56).As such, the impact of having an office that needs to meet expansion aspect is high. This means that they have to work on dealing with the management, to enhance their skills as well as help meet the minimum requirements. The report herein will look for different ways of enhancing their perception as well as create a program that will help develop strong leaders an d managers to help take the company to higher heights. Developing leaders and managers:It has been noted by several critics that the easiest way of developing leaders is by doing it within the organization. This is less expensive and homegrown talent is easier to retain compared to hiring new people. Experts in the field have been seen to recommend creation of a development program that could help single out the high-potential employees that will help create a new crop of leaders and managers to help meet the required standards (Marshak 2005, p.102). These programs may involve mentorships, management classes and seminars, coaching and stretch assignments. This implies a need to meet the goals of the organization by dealing with the candidates within the organization rather than looking for people from elsewhere. This also implies giving the candidates a bigger vision for the company, allowing them to take charge for the issues that relate to the company (Cook 2009, p.75). One of th e best ways of doing this is by rotating people through different jobs to give the employees first-hand experience. This makes it easier for them to try out different roles that will enhance their skills and give them a chance to expand their skills. They are given experiences in different divisions and gain new expertise within their potential areas of excellence (Anderson and Anderson 2001, p.69). With time, they will be ready to meet their goals as well as create an avenue to develop new likings for the job they are in. it also exposes them to new projects which makes it easier for them to meet their goals as they seek to utilize the chances presented to them as they work towards raising their personal attributes. Furthermore, personal satisfaction in the job will be crucial as they seek to maintain a close target towards meeting their goals (Saslow 2004b, p.16). It is crucial that the candidates get a feel of unfamiliar jobs. This challenges them and gives them the impetus to de al with any inconsistencies within their job prescriptions. It is critical for the growth of the company as they get valuable lessons from failures that may result from their trials. As noted within the Virgin Atlantic managerial perspectives, people need to be given a chance to deal with the innovations they have to help grow the organization, without the fear of having to fail. This allows the creative minds to get to work and grow the company to greater heights while simplifying their own work. This will add new skills to the employee and improve their confidence and commitment to the work they have been given.A common method that has been found effective is the mentorship aspect. This is where the new entrants are paired with older employees to help grow their skills, and absorb themselves into the organizational culture at a higher and faster rate (Kirkpatrick 2005, p.130). For the identified candidates, it is imperative that the organization looks for ways of meeting their nee ds by pairing them with more experienced persons who can help nurture them to be the best for the company. This will also help retain the knowledge within the organization. Implicit and tacit knowledge management will help create important savings for future utilization when required (Rioux and Bernthal 2006, p.43). With the company seeking to expand to other markets, it is critical, therefore, that the organization works on creating a large pool of talent from which they can pick candidates. This pool will be required to meet their goals both locally and internationally (Fulmer 2005, p.153). The most appropriate method will be identifying talent and pooling it together as a way of retaining the skills and evaluating the levels of excellence from time to time. This will keep the employees motivated because they know that they will be considered when opportunities arise. This will create job satisfaction and better working conditions for them (Phillips 2003, p.79). While still on the mentorship programs, it is advisable that the organization looks for ways of pairing the veterans about to retire with high-potential future leaders. This will help in retention of knowledge as well as taping the experiences and lessons learnt from their many years of experiences. Despite the tutorage, none the less, the organization should look for ways of restocking this mentorship program to avoid having the same faces in the pool (Salob and Greenslade 2005, p.63). This means that they must work on creating a rotational program that allows for the selection of the very best in the organization. These programs must work on giving frequent feedback and coaching to help in the evaluations. This allows them to meet their personal goals within a short period, while at the same time learning on their weak and strong points (Fulmer and Conger 2004, p.201). Suggested model and justifications:Leadership and learning to play are seen as critical attributes when dealing with execution of duties. Managers have to learn ways and means of creating opportunities of growth for their organizations without having to minimize their growth or opportunities present for making it big in the market (Council 2004, p.39). Globalization has made it mandatory for the organizations to look for growth and transformation through strategic means this implies having to work with some of the best models to help in the success of the organization and its shareholders.The Burke-Lltwln model is one of the most common and the most appropriate for the strategic development of both skills and competencies. This model looks at the influences of leadership and management in the creation of organizational culture and strategy. The strategy and culture in place must act as catalysts for the growth of leadership development while at the same time creating an opportunity for the growth of the organization in a way that fits its processes and embarks on influencing the activities within the organizat ion (Saslow 2004a, p.52). This model is a good way of implicitly and explicitly articulating the ways leadership and management need to change within the top brass (Bolt 2000, p.90). Apparently, everything within the organization is inter-related in one way or the other the organization is a system that interacts within itself allowing for the growth of the organization as a means of delivering the goals and objectives of the organization. The culture created must be in tandem with the leadership strategies as it may hinder some of the attributes discussed hereinabove (Bolt 2004, p.42). This model is good in that it helps highlight how the relationship between the organization and the external forces, and especially the clients and the regulatory bodies, is and what ought to be done to enhance the relationship. By understanding the ways that each factor continues to the growth or hindrance of the organizations growth is detrimental to the managers as they seek to organize the worker s into groups of effective people (Collins 2001, p.38; Bernthal and Wellins 2004, p.154). The aim of any leadership model is to bring together the workers and management as they brainstorm to help get the best formula for the organization. Fundamentally, the chosen candidates will have to undergo various training sessions that will help create a team of people with similar visions for the company (Holbeche 1998, p.13). To make it work, the selected individuals from across the departments will participate in creating a business strategy that will involve research. This will involve primary and secondary data that aids in bringing about an analysis of the SWOT analysis for the organization. High-level goals will also be used to enhance the chances of getting a well-trained team that understands the goals and objectives of the organizations (Mumford and Gold 2004, p.239).These goals and objective will be headlined by strategies that choose to c...

Analysis Of The Poem The Anglo Saxons - 1493 Words

The Anglo-Saxons believed that when a man was injured or killed wrongfully, he should be avenged by his kinsmen. One form of atonement for a wrongful death was the wer-gild, which means â€Å"man gold† where the family of the deceased was paid a sum to compensate them. Given that the Anglo-Saxons believed heavily in honor and leaving a legacy, since they had no afterlife, not paying the wer-gild was an extremely disrespectful action. This is displayed in Beowolf narrated as â€Å"†¦long against Hrothgar / Grendel struggled: his grudges he cherished, / murderous malice, many a winter, / strife unremitting, and peacefully wished he / life-woe to lift from no liegeman at all of the men of / the Dane-folk, for money to settle, / no counsellor needed count for a moment / on handsome amends at the hands of the murderer;† (Beowolf), meaning that Grendel was brutally murdering Hrothgar’s men for many winters and would give no money to settle the wer-gild, bringing d ishonor to the lord’s name. 3. Green Belt/ Girdle As he tries to be a good, chivalrous knight, Sir Gawain must flatter the lord’s wife while not insulting her or breaking his vows or promises to the lord. So when the lord’s wife appears in his room and gets in his bed in attempt to sleep with him, he has to flatter her and declare his undying love for her without sinning and actually having sex with her. After he successfully avoids her temptation, she offers him â€Å"a rich ring of red gold work, / with a sparking stone glitteringShow MoreRelated An Analysis of the Epic Poem, Beowulf - Anglo-Saxon Customs and Values Reflected in Beowulf1791 Words   |  8 PagesAnglo-Saxon Customs and Values Reflected in Beowulf      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Readers today approach the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf with cultural preconceptions very different from those expressed by the author of this poem. This essay hopes to enlighten the modern reader regarding the customs and values from the time of the poem’s composition.      Beowulf makes reference to Ingeld and his wife and the coming Heathobard feud:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   inRead MoreBeowulf And The Anglo Saxon Period1740 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf The original poem, Beowulf, goes back to the Anglo-Saxon period in c. 650 and c.1100. Authors translated Beowulf many times in the Anglo-Saxon period to present day. It displays how a hero should be in the real world. He helps the people in the village and slays monsters. Everyone in the village looks up to him as he acts as if he were a role model. Beowulf, the protagonist in the translated Beowulf by Seamus Heaney, is a hero of his village, stands for bravery, strong will, and noblenessRead MoreComparing Beowulf, The Anglo Saxon And Beowulf s Motivations1282 Words   |  6 Pages Beowulf, the Anglo Saxon Epitome: An analysis of the Anglo Saxon code and Beowulf’s Motivations The story of Beowulf is an outstanding example of the Anglo Saxon code. But what is the Anglo Saxon code? What is a code? A code is something to live by, often an unwritten pledge and standard to live by as one resides or partakes in a team with unity. Code is defined simply as â€Å"program instructions.† For instance, if one participates in a school sport activity, such as cross country, there isRead MoreAnalysis Of The Anglo Saxon Code And Beowulf s Motivations1282 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf, the Anglo Saxon Epitome: An analysis of the Anglo Saxon code and Beowulf’s Motivations The story of Beowulf is an outstanding example of the Anglo Saxon code. But what is the Anglo Saxon code? What is a code? A code is something to live by, often an unwritten pledge and standard to live by as one resides or partakes in a team with unity. Code is defined simply as â€Å"program instructions.† For instance, if one participates in a school sport activity, such as cross country, there is an unwrittenRead MoreBeowulf Character Analysis942 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Motivator (An analysis of Beowulf’s Motivations) Are everyones motivations to become a hero pure? This question can be hard to answer depending on the hero. Spidermans motivations for saving an innocent child were pure, but what about people suffering from hero syndrome? A syndrome, that has become a recent phenomenon. This syndrome makes people seek heroism or recognition by creating desperate situations that they resolve in order to become a hero. As common as this syndrome is todayRead MoreEssay about Beowulf Battles: The Death of Comitatus1101 Words   |  5 Pages In the epic poem of Beowulf, written by an unknown monk in about 725 AD, the Anglo-Saxon virtue of comitatus is displayed as a slowly dying aspect of life. Comitatus is the basic idea that everyone protects the king at all costs even if it means a warrior giving up his own life, and if a king is killed, the warriors must avenge the death of the king or they can no longer serve as warriors for the next king. This value of comitatus is displayed mostly thro ugh the three battles that BeowulfRead MoreEssay about Analysis of 2 Translations of Beowulf667 Words   |  3 PagesGrendel’s Description Comparative Analysis Beowulf is a great piece of Anglo-Saxon literature that can be, and has been, translated in multiple ways. Of the many outstanding translations, two of which are by Burton Raffel and Seamus Heaney, different ways of writing are portrayed. Grendel’s description is written quite differently in both translations. Heaney’s translation is more similar to the Anglo-Saxon style of writing than Raffel’s translation. In Heaney’s translation, he uses a kenningRead MoreTheme Of Death In Beowulf1097 Words   |  5 PagesBeowulf is an anglo-saxon epic that details the life of Geat warrior Beowulf and his dealings with 3 monsters. The society surrounding this epic is one that values lineage, glory, and success. Although these values are perceived as positive, they are often the root causes of the more malicious aspects of this society: blood-feud and tribal war. It should be duly noted that the poem is bookended with two very meaningful deaths. At the beginning of the poem the death of Scyld Sheafson, founder of theRead MoreEssay on Good vs Evil in Beowulf1568 Words   |  7 Pagessignificant focal point. Although the epic poem Beowulf utilizes many characteristics of Christian themes, the violence in the poem relates to paganism. By exploring the characteristics of â€Å"good vs. evil† such as Cain, Grendel and Beowulf, this paper will explore the elements of Beowulf in such a light . The Anglo-Saxon poem, Beowulf, was originally told orally then later was written down anonymously in the Old English language. It is not known who or whom wrote this poem down. What we do know is that BeowulfRead MoreComparison between Beowulf and The Wanderer1436 Words   |  6 PagesWANDERER There are many factors to consider in comparing the two poems of the Old English society – Beowulf and The Wanderer. While they have many similarities; they have, within their structure and plot, many differences we can easily find or eventually make out. When we look at both the poems in terms of their genre; while they are both products of the traditional oral literature of the Anglo-Saxons; Beowulf is more of an epic poem elevated in a heroic style with supernatural events such as the

The American Revolution The Fight For American...

The American Revolution: The Fight for American Independence Jaden Luttrell Central High School November 10, 2015 5th Period Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to do more than simply provide an accounting of the events of the American Revolution. Instead, I will provide a detail of how the French and Indian War impacted the revolution, and missteps by the British Empire led to the American fight for freedom. In doing so, you will come to understand how the American fight for independence would be a call to arms for not only colonists, but also for other territories controlled by monarchs the world over. The American Revolution: The Fight for American Independence The British victory in the French and Indian War had a great impact on the British Empire. Moreover the war generated substantial resentment towards the colonists among English leaders, who were not satisfied with the financial and military help they had received from the colonists during the war. All these factors persuade the English that London should be the big power. The English leaders set in motion for London to be the main power over the colonies, these plans eventually led to the resentment of the American Revolution. The war had an equally profound but very different effect on the American colonists. First of all the Americans had realized that they could unite against a common foe. The American realized that they could unite and become a power to be reckoned with. By 1774,Show MoreRelatedThe Fight Of The American Revolution For Independence1262 Words   |  6 Pagesnation s independence. In history class we take notice of countless stories about these men. We are talking about George Washington our first president. John Winthrop, first governor of the Massachusetts bay colony, John Adams, and William Pitt. Including, so much more essential man, however, we also need to take into account the stories of the wives of these men and other women who were caught up in the struggle for Americas sovereignty. Throughout the eighteen century, while the revolution war wasRead More The American Revolution, A Fight for Colonial Independence Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagesnearly every colonist before the colonies gained their independence from Britain. The colonists’ heritage was largely British, as was their outlook on a great array of subjects; however, the position and prejudices they held concerning their independence were comprised entirely from American ingenuity. This identity crisis of these â€Å"British Americans† played an enormous role in the colonists’ battle for indep endence, and paved the road to revolution. As a result of the French and Indian War, England’sRead MoreThe American Revolution of 1763-1783 saw the Americans fight for their independence from the1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution of 1763-1783 saw the Americans fight for their independence from the British Empire. There were many factors which contributed towards the American Revolution, such as: financial reasons, economic reasons, the fight for rights and liberty from despotism.1 On July 4th 1776, the Declaration of Independence was signed granting that America fight for their rights and independence from the British. The Declaration of Independence states that all people have the right of freedomRead MoreThe, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of Happiness1728 Words   |  7 PagesCommon Sense, this country’s independence would have ceased to exist. In April of 1775 the war began which would be fought for 8 more years to end British rule over the 13 colonies. The fight for independence was not easy, bu t Paine wrote words of encouragement for all Americans to consider. Paine wrote his pamphlet Common Sense months after the battle of Lexington and Concord in 1775. He meant to convince and inspire Americans that the time to declare independence was now. The pamphlet, publishedRead MoreHistory : The American Revolution Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pageswilling to fight or even die for it. It was an ecstatic feeling when they finally achieved it. The people had an idea of a constitutional freedom and the moral quality, which was strongly held in the people’s hearts in America, and it consequently spread to other countries in the world. It is believed that American Revolution was the most important chapter in human history just because it was their action that made the ideals of liberty, equality, and justice to materialize. 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Comparing the Views on Abortion of Thompson and Marquis free essay sample

Judith Jarvis Thompson and Don Marquis both have markedly different views on the topic of abortion. Thompson generally argues that there are cases where abortion may be morally permissible, due to the rights of the mother, while Marquis argues that abortion is almost always morally wrong, except under extraordinary circumstances, because the fetus has a future life. In this paper, I will evaluate the arguments of both parties, as well as identify what premises, if any, they both agree on. In addition, I will supply my own reasoning for why I believe that Marquis presents the more successful argument. The general philosophical problem discussed between Thompson and Marquis is whether or not abortion is morally permissible, and, if so, under which conditions abortion could be seen as morally permissible. In â€Å"A Defense of Abortion,† Thompson begins by stating the traditional argument against abortion used by Conservatives, which states that the fetus is a person and that killing a person is, in essence, murder, and thus morally wrong. She then provides her â€Å"Violinist Argument,† where a person has been kidnapped and connected to the circulatory system of a famous violinist. The violinist has a disease that can only be cured if their blood is filtered through the kidneys of the â€Å"donor† for nine months. Thompson argues that, while doing so would be a very nice gesture, it is not expected of the donor and therefor it would not be morally wrong if the person decided to unplug his or herself from the violinist and cause the violinist to die. (353) Thompson bases this off of the premise that doing so would not be violating his right to life, but would simply be denying him the use of the donor’s body, which is something that he does not have any rights to. Next, Thompson follows up the argument about the violinist with her argument about the expanding child: A mother is trapped inside of a house with a rapidly growing child and will be crushed to death within minutes unless she decides to kill the child. This argument brings up the possibility of a third party intervening and killing the child so that the mother is saved. This is likened to pregnancy, where a doctor may or may not agree to perform an abortion. Because of this, the mother would be denied her full rights and  the right to decide what is done to her body. Because the mother has no reason to be threatened by the fetus, and the fetus has no reason to threaten the mother, both parties are innocent. (356) Therefore, a third party should not be able to intervene and decide, in essence, who lives and who dies. By likening the house to the mother’s body during pregnancy, Thompson also brings up the idea that the mother is the â€Å"owner† of the house, which opens up the possibility that the mother’s desire to do as she pleases with her own body carries more weight than the fetus’s right to life because the mother is already allowing the fetus to use her body. Thus, a third party should not be able to make any decisions about an abortion and the mother should be the only one to decide whether or not a fetus is to be aborted. Lastly, Thompson gives her â€Å"people-seeds† argument in which small seeds drift through the air and can sprout into a person if it becomes attached to carpet or upholstery inside of a home. In this argument, a woman buys the best mesh screens (a metaphor for birth control) that are designed to keep out the seeds, but as it is possible, a screen is defective and lets a people-seed into the home. This, being a metaphor for voluntary intercourse where a woman is aware of the inherent risks of pregnancy, argues that, even though a woman may become pregnant unintentionally, that does not necessarily mean that the fetus has a right to the body of the mother. She uses an analogy of an intruder to show this: just because a woman opens a window, knowing that someone could enter through it, does not rob her of her right to rid her house of an intruder if one would happen to enter. This is likened to rape, where a woman would retain her right to remove a fetus from her body. Thompson identifies that some opponents of her argument would say that someone could simply choose to live in a home with bare floors and furniture or a home with sealed doors and windows to avoid the threat of a people-seed, but Thompson then likens such an arrangement to choosing to get a hysterectomy, just so a woman can safeguard herself against the possibility of being raped and impregnated. Clearly, this would be an extreme measure to take for the sake of prevention. In â€Å"Why Abortion is Immoral,† Don Marquis searches for a concrete argument as to why abortion is immoral. Anti-abortionists adamantly try to compare a fetus to an adult human, while pro-choicers argue that a fetus lacks any of the defining features that make it a person that  would support the traditional argument that killing a fetus is wrong because it is a person. Because of this back-and-forth battle between the different sides of the abortion debate, Marquis proposes that one must first identify why killing a person is seen as wrong. If such a premise is true, it can be used as a strong argument for why abortion is wrong. Marquis simply argues that, because a fetus has a human-like future, it would be immoral to abort it. A human-like future implies that the fetus has a future and has potential to do things in its future life. To abort the fetus would be to deprive the person it would eventually become of any future experiences, activities, projects, and enjoyments that would have constituted one’s future. (367) Marquis then explores possible objections to his argument, one being the topic of euthanasia. Marquis argues that, because someone that desires to be euthanized has no enjoyable future, they are not bound by his argument and that killing them would not be immoral. In addition, Marquis also states that his argument would be compatible with arguments that contraception is immoral. Because there is no actual being that is being deprived of a future life at the time that contraceptive measures become effective (in other words, there are only sperm and an ovum), Marquis’s argument retains its soundness. There are not any premises of Marquis’s argument that Thompson accepts. She doesn’t believe that a fetus has an inherent right to life, nor does she believe that any right to life takes precedence over what the mother desires to do with her body. In certain cases where the mother desires to become pregnant, the fetus may in fact have a right to her body, but the desire of the mother to do what she wishes with her body still takes precedence. In my opinion, Marquis gives the more successful argument. The fact that aborting a fetus would deprive the future being of a future life can be applied to both sides of the argument. Even if pro-choice supporters argue that a fetus is not a person, the fact still remains that it has the potential to be a person, and as such, has the potential for a future. While Thompson does make some very valid points in her argument, her main point about the violinist contains a major flaw. Whereas the donor would be confined to the bed for 9 months and would be unable to continue to live her life, a pregnant mother is still able to do other things while carrying a child. Yes, she may have to make adjustments to her daily life and there will undoubtedly be sacrifices that have to be  made due to her pregnancy, but she is still able to life a relatively normal life while being a productive member of society. Thus, while the baby is still using the mother’s body and its resources, it is not nearly as restricting to the mother as the violinist is to the donor. In addition to the violinist argument, the people-seed argument can also be challenged by Marquis. Even though a mother may consent to intercourse with the knowledge that it is possible for her to get pregnant, she is still responsible for the fact that the fetus now has a future. Thus, because the fetus has a future, the mother is responsible for at least attempting to carry the fetus to term so that it might live and have the capability to fulfill its future. At the risk of sounding clichà ©, if it was the future of a fetus to eventually grow up and become a person that would develop a cure for AIDS, and the mother decided to abort the fetus, then the mother has deprived the fetus of a future that would have, unbeknownst to anyone, changed the world. Both Thompson and Marquis provide very convincing arguments for their view s as to the morality of abortion. On their own, each argument presents a compelling case to support the author’s views on the morality of abortion. After comparing the two against each other, however, I believe that Marquis provided a more successful argument. It was much more concise than Thompsons, and could also be applied to both sides of the debate, whereas most of Thompsons points of argument could only be applied to a position that feels that abortion is mostly morally permissible.